Apple announces worldwide carriers for iPhone 5: Sprint, AT&T and Verizon will support LTE in the US (update: No AWS HSPA+ for T-Mobile)

If you've got Apple's new LTE-capable iPhone 5, you're going to need some LTE markets. Fortunately, Apple had a huge, global list of carriers that are going to work with Apple's latest. In the US, AT&T, Sprint and Verizon will all support true 4G connectivity, while Canada's Rogers, Telus and Bell will also get the hook-up. In Europe, the newly established EE and Deutsch Telekom will gain LTE, while in Asia, KDDI, Softbank, KT, SK Telecom and SmartTone will all be provided for.

Update: Apple's detailed all the technical specs of its new radio in the US, but we're looking at what's arguably the first LTE world phone -- unless there's a second model to do the rounds in Asia and Europe. It's the first device to run on the LTE networks of all the major carriers, although unfortunately there no AWS (1700MHz) HSPA+ for T-Mobile customers. Take a look at the more coverage link to get knee-deep in frequencies -- there's plenty of HSPA to go around.

Check out our liveblog of Apple's event to get the latest news as it happens!

Gallery: iPhone 5 Wireless Connectivity

Continue reading Apple announces worldwide carriers for iPhone 5: Sprint, AT&T and Verizon will support LTE in the US (update: No AWS HSPA+ for T-Mobile)

Filed under: Cellphones, Mobile

Apple announces worldwide carriers for iPhone 5: Sprint, AT&T and Verizon will support LTE in the US (update: No AWS HSPA+ for T-Mobile) originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 12 Sep 2012 13:20:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/09/12/apple-announces-worldwide-carriers-sprint-atandt-and-verizon-lte/

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Lenovo-made Vodafone Smart Tab II passes FCC testing, naturally

Vodafone's 7-inch Smart Tab II made a surprise appearance at IFA last month with its 10-inch sibling also in tow, and now it's stopped off at the FCC to pick up its Visa for future trips to the US. The official documents for the chunky, carrier-branded slate aren't giving much away, except that it's got the expected mix of 3G, WiFi and Bluetooth. Most of the specs remain a mystery, but the FCC ID (O57A2107VDF3G) indicates it's Lenovo's IdeaTab A2107 in disguise, meaning it should have a 1GHz dual-core CPU running behind a 1,024 x 600 display. At IFA, the price tag on the 7-inch model was 190 Euros (approximately $245), but with only 4GB storage and no LTE, we expect some heavy, competitive subsidies from Voda when it lands.

Filed under: Tablets

Lenovo-made Vodafone Smart Tab II passes FCC testing, naturally originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 12 Sep 2012 10:02:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/09/12/vodafone-smart-tab-ii-at-the-fcc/

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New iPod Shuffles Are Like Old iPod Shuffles [IPod Shuffle]

Apple brought a whole gang of new iPods to its event today in San Francisco, the third of which is a refreshed Shuffle. The new guy isn't all that different from its predecessor, save for five new colors. It costs $50 for 2GB. A boring non-update, unless you are a multi-colored gadget enthusiast. More »

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/OBMzHhKSPQY/new-ipod-shuffles-are-like-old-ipod-shuffles

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Demonic stories

a story where you are a demon with the form of a human

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Obama Tops Romney in August Fundraising (WSJ)

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Pain drug can kill resistant tuberculosis: Low cost drug wipes out drug resistant TB, but may not reach patients in need

ScienceDaily (Sep. 10, 2012) ? An off-patent anti-inflammatory drug that costs around two cents for a daily dose in developing countries has been found by researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College to kill both replicating and non-replicating drug resistant tuberculosis in the laboratory -- a feat few currently approved TB drugs can do, and resistance to those is spreading.

Their findings, published online by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, point to a potential new therapy for the more than 500,000 people worldwide whose TB has become resistant to standard drug treatments. But the researchers worry that the effective drug, oxyphenbutazone, may never be tested in TB clinical trials.

Weill Cornell's Dr. Carl Nathan and his research team found what they call the "completely surprising" ability of oxyphenbutazone to kill drug resistant TB after testing thousands of approved drugs against the bacteria. This repurposing of agents already on the market can lead to quicker testing for new uses.

"This agent might help save lives if there was a way to test it in TB patients," says Dr. Nathan. Oxyphenbutazone went on the market as a patented drug for arthritis-like pain in the early 1950s, and lost its patent and market dominance by the 1970s.

"It is difficult today to launch clinical studies on a medication that is so outdated in the United States, that it is mainly used here in veterinary medicine to ease pain," says the study's senior author, Dr. Nathan, chairman of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the R.A. Rees Pritchett Professor of Microbiology, and the director of The Abby and Howard Milstein Program in the Chemical Biology of Infectious Disease at Weill Cornell. "No drug firm will pay for clinical trials if they don't expect to make a profit on the agent. And that would be the case for an off-patent drug that people can buy over the counter for pain in most of the world."

He adds that oxyphenbutazone, best known under the trademark name of Tandearil, does have some established toxicities, "and is not a drug you should take for aches and pains if a safer alternative is available." But the drug's major toxicities appear to be less frequent than the major side-effects of the drug regimens that are currently used to treat TB, he says.

Treating the TB that Hides

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is unusual among disease-causing bacteria in that it naturally infects just humans. One-third of the world's population is infected with TB, but the bacteria typically remain dormant in a person with a healthy immune system.

Nonetheless, TB becomes active in enough people that it is the leading cause of death in humans from a bacterial infection. It is difficult to treat, and the bacteria can become resistant to therapy. TB treatment in a drug-sensitive patient takes six months, using a combination of agents. If the TB is sensitive to these first-line agents and the therapy is completed with full-strength, non-counterfeit drugs, up to 95 percent of patients can be cured.

However, if a patient's TB becomes resistant to these drugs, second-line agents are administered every day for two years or more. "These second-line drugs are often toxic and expensive, and are not readily available in developing countries, where most of the infections occur," Dr. Nathan says. Mortality in drug resistant TB patients can be as high as 80 percent.

A major issue in treating TB is that the bacteria can "hide out" in the body in a non-replicating form, even when a TB patient is undergoing treatment.

To find agents that could attack non-replicating TB, Dr. Nathan's research team first identified four conditions that keep bacteria in that state within the human body: low oxygen, mild acidity, a fat instead of sugar to eat and a small amount of the natural defense molecule nitric oxide.

The research team replicated those conditions in the test tube and then methodically tested the effectiveness of thousands of agents against the bacteria. After testing 5,600 drugs, researchers found oxyphenbutazone.

Researchers then delved into the mechanism by which oxyphenbutazone kills TB and found that the conditions that allow the bacterium to remain dormant modify the drug to the point that it starts reacting against both non-replicating and replicating TB. "When this happens, TB can't defend itself and dies," Dr. Nathan says.

But the researchers were unable to test oxyphenbutazone in mice, because the animals metabolize the drug to an inactive form far faster than humans.

"This makes testing the drug for TB use in humans problematic since the FDA requires preclinical animal testing studies for safety and efficacy," Dr. Nathan says. "Yet there is a long track record of oxyphenbutazone's relatively safe use in hundreds of thousands of people over decades."

Dr. Nathan and his team are continuing their research, testing hundreds of thousands of compounds for their action against TB. His team has already found another approved drug, nitazoxanide, to be effective against the bacteria, publishing his findings in 2009.

Nitazoxanide, a drug with an excellent safety record, is still on patent for use against some infections caused by other microbes. Discussions have been held about testing it in TB, Dr. Nathan says, but have stalled because of the same problem as oxyphenbutazone. The drug is metabolized so quickly in mice that it cannot be tested against experimental TB in that species.

For both oxyphenbutazone and nitazoxanide, Dr. Nathan argues that the requirement for testing in animals with experimental TB should be waived, because these agents work against TB in the test tube, have already been used with relative safety in people and might address an urgent need for treatment of a contagious disease with high mortality and few other treatment options.

This research was supported by the Tuberculosis Drug Accelerator Program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Abby and Howard P. Milstein Program in Chemical Biology of Infectious Disease.

Co-authors of the study include: Dr. Ben Gold, Dr. Maneesh Pingle, Julia Roberts, Dr. Mark Rundell, Dr. Thulasi Warrier, Dr. Aditya Venugopal, Dr. Crystal Darby, Xiuju Jiang, Dr. J. David Warren, Amy Cunningham-Bussel, Poonam Rath, Tamutenda Chidawanyika, Dr. Selin Somersan and Dr. W. Clay Bracken from Weill Cornell; Dr. Steven J. Brickner of S. J. Brickner Consulting; Dr. Ouathek Ouerfelli and Dr. Nilesh Shah from Memorial Sloan?Kettering Cancer Center; Dr. Eric L. Nuermberger from Johns Hopkins Hospital; and Dr. Joseph Fernandez, Ronald Realubit, Dr. J. Fraser Glickman, and Dr. Haiteng Deng from The Rockefeller University.

Weill Cornell Medical College
Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University's medical school located in New York City, is committed to excellence in research, teaching, patient care and the advancement of the art and science of medicine, locally, nationally and globally. Physicians and scientists of Weill Cornell Medical College are engaged in cutting-edge research from bench to bedside, aimed at unlocking mysteries of the human body in health and sickness and toward developing new treatments and prevention strategies. In its commitment to global health and education, Weill Cornell has a strong presence in places such as Qatar, Tanzania, Haiti, Brazil, Austria and Turkey. Through the historic Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, the Medical College is the first in the U.S. to offer its M.D. degree overseas. Weill Cornell is the birthplace of many medical advances -- including the development of the Pap test for cervical cancer, the synthesis of penicillin, the first successful embryo-biopsy pregnancy and birth in the U.S., the first clinical trial of gene therapy for Parkinson's disease, and most recently, the world's first successful use of deep brain stimulation to treat a minimally conscious brain-injured patient. Weill Cornell Medical College is affiliated with NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, where its faculty provides comprehensive patient care at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center. The Medical College is also affiliated with the Methodist Hospital in Houston. For more information, visit weill.cornell.edu.

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Forcing the molecular bond issue

Thursday, September 6, 2012

Material properties and interactions are largely determined by the binding and unbinding of their constituent molecules, but the standard model used to interpret data on the formation and rupturing of molecular bonds suffers from inconsistencies. A collaboration of researchers led by a scientist at the U.S Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has developed a first-of-its-kind model for providing a comprehensive description of the way in which molecular bonds form and rupture. This model enables researchers to predict the "binding free energy" of a given molecular system, which is key to predicting how that molecule will interact with other molecules.

"Molecular binding and unbinding events are much simpler than we have been led to believe from the standard model over the past decade," says Jim DeYoreo, a scientist with the Molecular Foundry, a DOE nanoscience center at Berkeley Lab who was one of the leaders of this research. "With our new model, we now have a clear means for measuring one of the most important parameters governing how materials and molecules bind together."

DeYoreo is one of the two corresponding authors of a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) that describes this research. The paper is titled "Interpreting the widespread nonlinear force spectra of intermolecular bonds." The other corresponding author of this paper is Raymond Friddle of DOE's Sandia National Laboratories. The third author is Aleksandr Noy, of DOE's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

It takes energy to form or rupture the bonds between or within molecular systems and one of the principle experimental tools used by researchers to characterize inter- and intra-molecular bond energies is dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS). Under DFS, the bonds of a molecular system are subjected to controlled stretching or torsional force until the bonds break. The resulting data are arranged as a plot of the rupture force versus the loading rate to produce a force spectra, which has for the past decade been analyzed using the irreversible single-bond model.

"Under the irreversible single-bond model, force spectra are expected to form straight lines, at least for the irreversible rupture of a single inter-molecular bond over a single energy barrier," DeYoreo says. "Surprisingly, however, as more DFS data were collected on a variety of different molecular systems, a peculiar commonality began to emerge: Most showed nonlinear trends in the force spectra."

According to DeYoreo and his colleagues, the irreversible single-bond model makes the erroneous assumption that, under laboratory conditions, once a molecular bond is ruptured it is never restored. This leads to further erroneous assumptions that result in inaccurate predictions about the extent to which two molecules will bind. Such predictions are important across a broad range of fields to both understand interactions in natural systems and to design synthetic analogues.

"For example, we would like to be able to predict with reasonable certainty whether a proposed synthetic polymer can be used to outcompete an antibody for a biosensing assay, or whether a specific type of virus particles will adsorb to aerosol droplets," DeYoreo says.

The new model created by DeYoreo and his colleagues avoids the erroneous assumptions of the irreversible single-bond model to obtain predictions that are more compatible with experimental results. The model is unique in its ability to explain the rupturing of molecular bonds in terms of a single energy barrier rather than multiple-energy barriers. This yields critical information on the binding free energy of a molecular system.

"If one wants to understand the behavior of interfaces, whether between two molecules or between two materials, the most important number to know is the binding free energy," DeYoreo says. "This has been a difficult number to come by, but we've shown that with our model it can be easily extracted from DFS measurements."

The collaborators successfully tested their model using data from 10 different molecular systems. These tests showed that the model provides a comprehensive description of force spectra for a diverse suite of bonds over experimentally relevant loading rates. The model eliminates the inconsistencies of the irreversible single-bond model and provides ready access to both kinetic and thermodynamic information about molecular and material interactions.

"We're now using our methodology to determine how biomolecules associated with the formation of hard materials interact with the surfaces of such materials to direct their rates of growth and their architecture," DeYoreo says.

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DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: http://www.lbl.gov

Thanks to DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/123273/Forcing_the_molecular_bond_issue

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